Gabriela had always envisioned a peaceful life for her family; her plans for a trip to Disney World took a terrifying turn when threats from a violent gang disrupted their normal routine. She recalls a time when she felt secure in her middle-class existence in Guayaquil, Ecuador, where she worked for 15 years at a television station and had a stable home life with her daughter.

All of this changed dramatically after a series of alarming headlines about escalating violence associated with drug cartels in Ecuador. Gabriela received a threatening phone call that served as a grim warning: pay a gang or face fatal consequences. The threat escalated when her daughter's grandfather was kidnapped, leading to horrific demands for ransom and ultimately, his tragic murder.

As she and her daughter prepared for their family vacation overseas, Gabriela’s partner urged her to flee Ecuador for safety, fearing for her life. Now may be in a long line of asylum seekers due to cartel violence plaguing their homeland, many Ecuadorians hope for a new beginning in the United States. However, the complex dynamics of U.S. asylum law pose significant challenges.

U.S. asylum regulations list limited grounds for asylum, mostly based on historical persecution, and do not adequately cover the systematic violence tied to cartels. Although the Biden administration aimed to improve protections for those fleeing such violence, entrenched legal barriers threaten their chances for asylum. Experts emphasize the growing difficulty for applicants who must navigate the complexities of the law with ambiguous interpretations.

The Trump administration's policies have already shifted asylum standards, complicating cases of those fleeing cartel violence. More rejection rates have been noted, causing fear among applicants that filing for asylum would result in detention and potential deportation. Gabriela shared that living under constant threat in the U.S. has severely impacted her quality of life—it’s a world defined by paranoia, where she feels unsafe even in mundane situations.

Her experiences are echoed by others like Maria and Luis, who have also sought refuge in the U.S. after facing severe threats from gangs. Maria is haunted by memories of an attempted extortion incident that forced her to sell her possessions to escape. Luis similarly fled after his friends were murdered over extortion demands. Like Gabriela, they share fears of deportation and struggles to integrate into their new environments, all while waiting severely lengthy asylum hearings.

As political debates surrounding immigration continue, many point to their grievances against the misunderstandings faced by victims of cartel violence. Community support for legal asylum paths exists, but the reality of navigating U.S. immigration is fraught with uncertainty, and for individuals like Gabriela, every day is an uphill battle for safety and stability.