In his remarks at the Asian defence summit, Richard Marles urged China to account for its “extraordinary military build-up,” asserting that it represents the most significant increase in military capabilities since World War II. As tensions rise, he emphasized the need for strategic transparency and has called upon Beijing to clearly communicate the intentions behind its military enhancements.

Marles, speaking to reporters, highlighted that Australia's own defense strategies are publicly available, aimed at bolstering security for both Australia and the broader Asia-Pacific region. He pointed out that other nations deserve similar assurance from China regarding its military actions.

The context of Marles's commentary arises partly from escalating tensions in the South China Sea, where the Philippines Defense Minister Gilberto Teodoro Jr described China's actions as "absolutely irresponsible and reckless." Both ministers conveyed their concerns following China's apparent military assertiveness without corresponding transparency, a theme that resonated throughout the summit organized by the International Institute for Strategic Studies.

China's participation in the dialogue was notably diminished this year, marked by a lower-level delegation and a cancellation of its planned speech. This shift prompted increased scrutiny and criticism from the US and its allies, particularly concerning Beijing's military intentions. Marles remarked on the absence of clear strategic intent from China, a factor that exacerbates international apprehension regarding its military trajectory.

Regarding Chinese military exercises near Australia, Marles acknowledged the disruption caused but affirmed China’s compliance with international law in conducting such operations. He reiterated the necessity of adhering to a rules-based international order as foundational to regional stability.

Moreover, as discussions on defense expenditures continue, including the potential for increased spending in the Indo-Pacific, Marles expressed optimism about collaborative efforts under the AUKUS pact, which aims to enhance security capabilities among Australia, the UK, and the US through projects like a nuclear-powered submarine fleet.

In tandem, the Philippines' Teodoro underscored the importance of international cooperation in upholding freedom and human dignity against hegemonic pressures from nations like China. His remarks echoed broader calls for the US and European nations to assert leadership in defending the established international order.

Heightening the discourse, US Defense Secretary Pete Hegseth warned of an "imminent" threat from China towards Taiwan, leading to confrontational exchanges between US and Chinese representatives. French President Emmanuel Macron’s advocacy for enhanced European involvement in Asian security matters added another layer to the discussions at the summit.

Overall, the dialogue at the Shangri-la summit reflects significant geopolitical tensions arising from China's military policies, with regional allies advocating for transparent and strategic communications to foster security and stability in Asia.