'Brothers in the forest' - the fight to protect an isolated Amazon tribe

Tomas Anez Dos Santos was working in a small clearing in the Peruvian Amazon when he heard footsteps approaching in the forest. He realized he was surrounded and froze.

One was standing, aiming with an arrow, he says. And somehow he noticed I was here and I started to run. He had come face to face with the Mashco Piro, nomadic people who shun contact with outsiders.

The Mashco Piro have chosen to be cut off from the world for more than a century, hunting with long bows and arrows and relying on the Amazon rainforest for survival. Their number is believed to be dwindling as their habitat is encroached upon by logging and mining developments.

A new report indicates there are at least 196 'uncontacted groups' left globally, with the Mashco Piro being the largest. The report warns that half of these groups could vanish in the next decade if they're not protected more effectively.

Locals in Nueva Oceania express a mix of fear and respect towards the Mashco Piro. Tomas feels protective: Let them live as they live; we can't change their culture. He shares a deep concern for their well-being, despite fearing their weapons.

The Peruvian government has a policy of non-contact with isolated peoples but logging activities near Nueva Oceania continue to threaten the Mashco Piro's way of life.

In more official contexts, such as the Nomole control post along the Manu River, there is better protection for the Mashco Piro, who occasionally approach the agents there, asking for food. Yet, they still prefer to remain largely disconnected from the outside world.

As Tomas advocates for the Mashco Piro's freedom, he hopes that more action will be taken to preserve their habitat and autonomy amidst an ever-changing landscape, driven by human activities.