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How Conspiracy Theories Stir Up Political Turmoil in South Korea

The ongoing political crisis in South Korea is fueled by conspiracy theories and fervent partisanship.

By Choe Sang-HunSource: nytimes.com1 min read
How Conspiracy Theories Stir Up Political Turmoil in South Korea
Image via nytimes.com

In brief

As South Koreans rally to support impeached President Yoon Suk Yeol, conspiracy theories permeate the discourse, driving supporters to defend him against perceived threats.

In the heart of Seoul, a wave of fervent supporters for the beleaguered President Yoon Suk Yeol has emerged as he faces insurrection charges following a controversial declaration of martial law. Each day, thousands gather outside his private residence, determined to prevent his potential arrest. Among them is 72-year-old Kim Kwon-seop, who has begun to view his actions not merely as backing a president but as a fight for the very essence of South Korea itself.To individuals like Kim, the political landscape is starkly divided; they believe it is the opposition exploiting their majority in the Assembly that is undermining Yoon’s initiatives. Citing a rigged election from the previous April, they dismiss any legitimacy of the opposition’s standing. Their protestations echo fears about perceived threats from "North Korea followers" who they believe have infiltrated essential societal sectors, including the judiciary and media. Although many South Koreans might regard these notions as conspiracy-laden rhetoric fueled by right-wing influencers and social media, the intensity of these beliefs has propelled followers onto the streets in significant numbers. Kim, for instance, insists his presence at these rallies might be the last for him, asserting, “I am ready to die for my cause.” The fervor goes beyond just politics; for many, it embodies a fight for their country’s future.Yoon's supporters, often referred to as the "taegeukgi budae," predominantly consist of older, churchgoing citizens who campaign passionately for their interpretation of national identity. Their events are vibrant with patriotic displays and overt hostility towards left-oriented politicians, whom they accuse of compromising their nation’s sovereignty to external forces such as China and North Korea. With every rally, they not only rally around Yoon but also around their shared vision of a staunchly allied South Korea and the United States, countering the perceived threats they believe exist within the political realm.

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