The outbreak of measles in Texas is escalating, with health authorities reporting the death of a second child linked to the highly contagious virus. This school-aged child, who was unvaccinated and had no prior health complications, succumbed to complications arising from measles, according to Aaron Davis, vice-president of UMC Health System.

As of Friday, Texas has seen over 480 reported measles cases this year, a significant increase from earlier figures, with the overall national count exceeding 600, more than doubling last year’s cases recorded by the CDC. The current case numbers include many among unvaccinated individuals, underscoring rising concerns regarding vaccine hesitancy.

Health Secretary Robert F. Kennedy Jr., who faced scrutiny over his handling of the situation, visited Texas on Sunday to provide support and acknowledge the community’s grief after the latest child death. In a social media statement, he emphasized the necessity of vaccinations, advocating the MMR vaccine (measles, mumps, and rubella) as a reliable preventive measure.

The deceased child, an eight-year-old girl, died just days ago, pointing to the dire nature of the outbreak, which began earlier this year in a local religious community that traditionally opposes vaccinations. This community-driven spread of the virus raises alarm about decreasing vaccination rates in certain areas.

Kennedy, after the earlier death of a six-year-old unvaccinated girl in February — the first measles death in the U.S. in a decade — has been pressured to adjust his messaging on vaccinations. The push for clearer communications also includes calls from bipartisan politicians like Senator Bill Cassidy, a Republican from Louisiana, who stresses that everyone must receive vaccinations to prevent further tragedies.

Measles is known to cause severe health complications, such as pneumonia and encephalitis; thus, achieving herd immunity, where at least 95% of a population is immunized, is essential for community protection. Local Texas health officials have struggled to increase vaccination adherence despite the current emergency, prompting calls for stronger public health campaigns.

As the outbreak continues, Kennedy has promised additional support for vaccination and treatment efforts, while officials and health experts reiterate the importance of vaccines in combating this resurgence of measles, a disease that was declared eliminated in the U.S. over two decades ago.