Thousands of North Koreans are reportedly being sent to Russia to work under harsh, near-slave conditions to alleviate labor shortages brought on by the ongoing conflict in Ukraine. The BBC has discovered that these workers are part of a substantial effort by Moscow to fill crucial gaps as the war continues to deplete its available manpower. South Korean intelligence suggests that over 50,000 North Koreans are expected to be dispatched to assist in various sectors, particularly construction.
Interviews with six North Korean defectors, along with officials and researchers, reveal the grim realities of their working environment. Workers described being closely monitored by North Korean security agents upon arrival, who prevent any contact with the outside world. Jin, one worker who fled Russia, recounted how he was immediately harnessed into labor constructing high-rise buildings, often working between 18 to 20 hours a day with minimal rest.
Tae, another escapee, shared the horrifying fatigue associated with the job, describing painful mornings when his hands wouldn't open due to overexertion. These workers are subjected to continuous emotional and physical strain, with no medical care allowed even in severe injury cases, as illustrated by Nam, who suffered a serious fall but was prohibited from seeking medical attention.
Historically, North Korean laborers contributed significantly to their country's economy, but international sanctions imposed by the UN in 2019 highlighted the exploitation of these workers. Despite reports of the ban's enforcement, there has been an apparent resurgence of North Korean laborers in Russia, with estimates suggesting 10,000 new laborers sent last year alone.
Experts indicate the rise in personnel is a direct result of the pressing need for cheap labor amidst Russia's economic strain, as many laborers from Central Asia are reportedly paid significantly more for less rigorous work. The North Korean regime profits substantially from this labor, with workers seeing little to none of their earnings as they are heavily taxed through "loyalty fees."
Escaping from these conditions proves perilous but has become increasingly vital for those realizing the truth behind their grim circumstances. With tightening regulations limiting their freedom, fewer North Koreans are managing to escape — a drop to roughly ten successful defections per year has been reported.
As Russia's reliance on North Korean labor shows no signs of abating, experts warn this situation reflects a deepening alliance between the regimes of Kim Jong Un and Vladimir Putin. With an expected wave of new workers being dispatched, the struggle of North Korean laborers remains a poignant chapter in this geopolitical saga.
