In brief
In a Thursday vote, Guinea‑Bissau citizens approved a new constitution that expands presidential authority, allowing the head of state to appoint the prime minister, dissolve parliament and reshape ministries. The military government that seized power last November organized the referendum, citing stability benefits, while the main opposition party boycotted the poll, demanding stronger safeguards. Results show 70% support and a 60% turnout, raising questions about legitimacy and the balance of power ahead of December elections.
Voters in Guinea‑Bissau approved a new constitution that significantly expands presidential powers ahead of a general election later in the year. The referendum was organised by the military government that seized power last November following a disputed election.
The provision gives the president the authority to appoint and dismiss the prime minister and cabinet, create or abolish ministries and dissolve parliament in the event of a grave political crisis. It also reduces the number of seats in parliament from 102 to 65 and cuts constituencies from 29 to 12.
The main opposition party, the African Party for the Independence of Guinea and Cape Verde (PAIGC), boycotted the vote, arguing the process lacked adequate political and institutional safeguards and threatened the country’s transition back to democracy. PAIGC leader Domingos Simões Pereira warned that the changes risked concentrating too much power in the presidency.
Provisional results announced by the electoral commission showed 70% of voters backed the reforms, while 30% voted against them. Turnout was reported at nearly 60%.
The changes come in a country that has experienced at least nine attempted and successful coups since 1974, and the United Nations has dubbed it a “narco‑state” because of its weak governance and active drug trafficking routes. The military authorities claim the reforms are necessary to end repeated disputes between presidents and prime ministers and to restore civilian rule in the December elections.
Key Takeaways:
- President gains authority to appoint/dismiss prime minister and cabinet.
- Parliament dissolved power and ministerial scope reduced.
- Opposition boycott highlights democratic concerns.
- Upcoming December elections will test the junta’s pledge to civilian governance.
